IC新生essay写作结构规划指南!
发布时间:2025-06-13

在写 essay 时,五段式结构较为常用。开头的 Introduction 占比 10%,结尾的 Conclusion 占比 10%,中间主体部分则占 80% 。
读题要点:
需要把截止日期(deadline)以及具体标准(criteria)标红加粗。
至少阅读标准 3 - 5 遍,确保把握老师的要求以及 essay 主题。如果是自选类的,优先选择自己熟悉并且有较多记录的主题。
仔细找出题目及要求中反复出现的关键词(key words) 。
主体部分提纲撰写:
跳过 Introduction 部分,直接开始列 Main body 的提纲。Main body 无论分为 3 段还是 4 段,结构大致相同,主要涵盖四个部分:主题句 + 例子 + 分析 + 结尾句。先将 outline 列出即可,清晰的思路是 essay 及格的基础。
主题句(第 1 句):为了更好地承接上文,可使用 despite 开头,例如:Despite the emphasis on xxx, it seems that ...., while ......
举例说明(第2、3 句):Somebody proposed/claimed (author,year)......
分析(第 3、4 句):可以先指出之前研究的不足之处,或者不同观点间的矛盾点等。如果第一段提出观点,那么第二段在此处用 In addition, 开头以作呼应。第三段则用 Therefore 与前两段呼应。
结尾句(第 5 句):总结观点并与上下文呼应。
Conclusion 撰写:
这部分不能引入新观点或引用,完全是对上文内容的总结。注意不能直接摘抄上文语句,要进行改写。
总结主要内容(第 1 句):Based on the review of existing literature, it is evident that.....
指出研究不足(第 2 句):Although a great deal of previous literature has concentrated on...., there have been few investigations that explore.....
过渡句(第 3 句):连接上文并引出自身观点,Thus there is scope for further research which...
总结自身观点(第 4 句):Consequently, this study intends to...
Introduction 撰写:
背景介绍(第 1 句):Research over the past xxx years has offered crucial insights into …
关键词定义(第 2 句):Although numerous definitions of the term X have been put forward, this paper will adopt the definition initially proposed by xxx, who regarded it as …
选题原因(第 3 句,与关键词定义二选一):Despite its long - standing clinical effectiveness, X has……
指出先前研究不足(第 4 句):Even though extensive research has been conducted on X, no single study has been found that …
提及研究方法(第 5 句):Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in the data analysis.
说明研究方法优劣(第 6 句):he current research for the first time delves into the impacts of … Nevertheless, due to practical limitations, this paper is unable to offer a thorough review of…
陈述观点(第 7 句): The primary issues dealt with in this paper are: a... b... c...
概述全文结构(第 8 - 10 句): This paper begins with a concise overview of the recent development of X. The third chapter focuses on the methodology applied in this study. The fourth section presents the research findings, highlighting the three key themes that …
查漏补缺与语言润色:
完成上述步骤后,进行查漏补缺,并对全文进行语言润色(Proofreading),确保文章质量。